Your Information

Range: 4-16%

Normal: <120 mmHg

Optimal: <5.0 mmol/L

Your 10-Year Risk Estimates

Fill in your information above to see your estimated complication risks.

How This Works

This calculator uses a simplified UKPDS-inspired model to estimate 10-year risk for four diabetes complications. Each risk factor contributes a relative multiplier to a baseline risk:

Baseline risk by complication (10yr, 10yrs diabetes): Retinopathy: ~15% | Nephropathy: ~12% Neuropathy: ~18% | CVD: ~14% Key multipliers applied: HbA1c each 1% above 7%: x1.15 (retinopathy/nephropathy), x1.10 (neuropathy/CVD) SBP each 10mmHg above 130: x1.10 (nephropathy/CVD) Cholesterol >5 mmol/L: x1.12 (CVD) Current smoking: x1.30 (CVD), x1.15 (neuropathy) Duration >10 years: x1.20 (retinopathy/nephropathy), x1.10 (neuropathy/CVD) Age >65: x1.20 (CVD)

What each complication means:

Retinopathy - damage to blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to vision loss if untreated. Annual eye exams are essential for early detection.

Nephropathy - kidney damage from prolonged high blood sugar and pressure, which can progress to kidney failure. Blood pressure control is as important as glucose management.

Neuropathy - nerve damage causing numbness, tingling, or pain, most commonly in the feet. Regular foot checks and tight glucose control slow progression.

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) - heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral artery disease are 2-4x more common in diabetes. Cholesterol, BP, smoking, and glucose all contribute.

! Medical Disclaimer
This calculator is for educational purposes only and provides rough estimates based on population-level data, not individual clinical assessment. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Results should not be used to make treatment decisions. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalised risk assessment and management.